Aladin city name12/20/2023 ![]() The Artuqids of Diyarbakır and the Ayyubids of Syria recognized his sovereignty. After his victory, he advanced further east, establishing Seljuq rule over Erzurum, Ahlat and the region of Lake Van (formerly part of Ayyubids). Kayqubad finally defeated him at the Battle of Yassıçimen between Sivas and Erzincan in 1230. The alliance could not be achieved, and afterwards Jalal ad-Din took the important fortress at Ahlat. Īt first Kayqubad sought an alliance with his Turkish kinsman Jalal ad-Din Mingburni against the Mongol threat. He also put down a revolt by the Empire of Trebizond and, although he fell short of capturing their capital, forced the Komnenos dynasty family to renew their pledges of vassalage. The sultan defeated the Artuqids and the Ayyubids and absorbed the Mengujek emirate into the sultanate, capturing the fortresses of Hısn Mansur, Kahta, and Çemişgezek along his march. Afterward, Harput expanded its borders further in the south-east Anatolia region by capturing Siverek, Urfa, Harran and Raqqa. In 1234 Kayqubad I completely defeated the allied Ayyubid forces. The Ayyubids, who were disturbed by the rapid expansion of Sultan Kayqubad I, especially in eastern Anatolia, took action against the sultan under the leadership of Al-Kamil in Egypt. At the end of the 13th century, these Turcomans established the Karamanids. The sultan settled Turcomans along the Taurus Mountains frontier, in a region later called İçel. In 1227/1228, Kayqubad advanced into Anatolia, where the arrival of Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu, who was fleeing the destruction of his Khwarezmian Empire by the Mongols, had created an unstable political situation. He attack the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia in 1221 taking the city of Alanya from its governor, Kir Fard. In 1221/1222 Kayqubad launched a naval attack on Sudak which defeated the combined forces of Rus and Cumans. In the Cilicia Campaign in 1225, Cilicia subjugated the Armenian Kingdom. The Kızıl Kule, or Red Tower, built in Alanya by Kayqubad I ![]() Upon Kaykaus' unexpected death in 1219 (or 1220), Kayqubad, released from captivity, succeeded to the throne of the sultanate. He was soon apprehended and imprisoned by his brother in a fortress in western Anatolia. Kayqubad was forced to flee to the fortress at Ankara, where he sought aid from the Turkman tribes of Kastamonu. Most of the emirs, as the powerful landed aristocracy of the sultanate, supported Kaykaus. Kayqubad initially garnered some allies among the neighbors of the sultanate: Leo I, the king of Cilician Armenia and Tughrilshah, the brothers' uncle and the independent ruler of Erzurum. When the sultan died following the battle of Alaşehir in 1211, both Kayqubad and his elder brother Kaykaus struggled for the throne. Kayqubad was the second son of Sultan Kaykhusraw I, who bestowed upon him at an early age the title malik and the governorship of the important central Anatolian town of Tokat. In the period following the mid-13th century Mongol invasion, inhabitants of Anatolia frequently looked back on his reign as a golden age, while the new rulers of the Anatolian beyliks sought to justify their own authority through pedigrees traced to him.īiography The sultanate expanded considerably during the reign of Kayqubad, mostly in the east. Kayqubad's reign represented the apogee of Seljuq power and influence in Anatolia, and Kayqubad himself was considered the most illustrious prince of the dynasty. The sultan, sometimes styled Kayqubad the Great, is remembered today for his rich architectural legacy and the brilliant court culture that flourished under his reign. ![]() He expanded the borders of the sultanate at the expense of his neighbors, particularly the Mengujek Beylik and the Ayyubids, and established a Seljuq presence on the Mediterranean with his acquisition of the port of Kalon Oros, later renamed Ala'iyya in his honor. Raziya Khatun, a daughter of Manuel MaurozomesĪlā ad-Dīn Kayqubād ibn Kaykhusraw ( Turkish: I. ![]()
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